Town Crier
A town crier was an official court position in the 18th century. They were elaborately dressed men who would ring a bell in the town square, and make official proclamations from the court. They would also bring the news to the people, as the majority of the population was illiterate. The traditional cry of the town cryer was "Oyez!" which is the name of a literary journal out of Roosevelt University. Considering the social and cultural illiteracy that permeates our country, that so many get their news through 30 second sound bites between Top 40 hits on the radio and allow it to grow and fester through rumor, I'm wondering if more poets couldn't take up this mantle. Williams writes, "My heart rouses/thinking to bring you news/of something/that concerns you/and concerns many men. Look at/what passes for the new./You will not find it there but in/
despised poems./It is difficult/to get the news from poems/yet men die miserably every day/for lack/of what is found there." Where are the poems that men are dying for the lack of? Why aren't we writing these poems?
Rabble Rouser
A rabble rouser is one who excites or inflames a group of people into action, who appeals to the emotions and values of the group to spur them into acting. What is important about a rabble rouser is that they appeal to the EMOTION of the people via rhetoric, not the LOGIC of the people. Where are the poems and poets that are appealing to our emotions, that spur us into action? Where are the poems that challenge and usurp the ochlagogues that permeate our televisions and radios?
Shaman
A shaman is a religious figure that reaches altered states of consciousness through ritual to enter the spirit world. There, they deal with spirits, both good and bad, and channel these energies and messages back into this realm. Often these messages are those of healing or prosperity, the shaman having been asked to deal with a specific illness or malevolence plaguing an individual or the tribe in general. Our world is faced with so much suffering, so where are the poems of healing? Jerome Rothenberg's anthology, Technicians of the Sacred, is filled with poems from shamans. What can we, as poets, learn from these ancient texts?
Court Jester
Traditionally, there are two types of jesters or fools: the natural fool and the licensed fool. Natural fools were those who, through some illness or ailment, would act inappropriately. According to Allison Chaney, "The fool's status was one of privilege within a royal or noble household. His folly could be regarded as the raving of a madman but was often deemed to be divinely inspired. The 'natural' fool was touched by God." The licensed fools were trained individuals who were given leeway by their master to act in such a way. In the case of the licensed fool, their role was not merely entertainment, but one of critic. In either case, the jester operated outside of the bounds of society's rules and regulations, and their words were seen not as madness, but as wisdom. Often speaking in riddles, the fool criticized the prevailing social order and challenged status quo. So where are our poems that work as riddles to challenge and critique? How can we use divinely inspired madness to work outside the social order and challenge it's foundations?
Priestess
If the Court Jester can be seen as "The Fool," the first unumbered card of the major arcana, then the High Priestess is the third card, numbered as "2". She is seen as a visual representation of Shekhinah, or the female embodiment of the Divine. Interpretations vary, but often she represents a secret being revealed, often through wisdom, sound judgement or common sense, or even intuition. Where, then, are the poems that split open the secrets which are being kept, which reveal the truth through common sense and wisdom for the reader?
Visionary
A visionary is one who has visions. Often these are visions of events to come, or the future. Mystical poets and prophets probably fall under the heading of "visionary." There is even a style of art called "visionary art" that purports to "transcend the physical world and portray a wider vision of awareness including spiritual or mystical themes, or is based in such experiences." If there can be such a thing as visionary art, then why not visionary poetry? In his poem "America," Allen Ginsberg writes " I have mystical visions and cosmic vibrations." Where are the poems of vision, of the future? Where are the poems that prophecy?
Madman
d. a. levy, in "The Cleveland Manifesto of Poetry," writes that poets should "create new myths, madness and mass from the contemporary waste of intellectual energy." Madness is associated with the insane, but how is that insanity defined? Folks with diseases--clinical depression, bi-polar disorder, anxiety disorder, schizophrenia, etc.--are all seen as unwell, mentally and emotionally, by the status quo. While we have visions of madmen struggling against their straitjackets, locked in padded cells and frothing at the mouth, all too often madness is simply seeing the world in a new or unique way, a way that challenges the status quo so thoroughly that it is seen as threatening. Where are the voices, then, that rise up from what levy sees as "the contemporary waste of intellectual energy" and, through their madness, bring about change for the reader?
It is no longer enough to be safe. Is is no longer enough to be cute or clever. Readers thirst for a poetry that will revitalize and rejuvenate them, not merely fill them for the moment. We poets can no longer be stand up comedians, entertaining our readers with the literary equivalent of Twinkies. We can no longer gaze at our navels and expect that the drudgery of our lives will be so profound as to shake a reader from their own drudgery. We must be better before we fade into oblivion completely.
My heart rouses
thinking to bring you news
of something
that concerns you
and concerns many men. Look at
what passes for the new.
You will not find it there but in
despised poems.
It is difficult
to get the news from poems
yet men die miserably every day
for lack
of what is found there. - See more at: http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/15541#sthash.RoQgCdqw.dpuf
My heart rouses
thinking to bring you news
of something
that concerns you
and concerns many men. Look at
what passes for the new.
You will not find it there but in
despised poems.
It is difficult
to get the news from poems
yet men die miserably every day
for lack
of what is found there. - See more at: http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/15541#sthash.RoQgCdqw.dpuf
My heart rouses
thinking to bring you news
of something
that concerns you
and concerns many men. Look at
what passes for the new.
You will not find it there but in
despised poems.
It is difficult
to get the news from poems
yet men die miserably every day
for lack
of what is found there. - See more at: http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/15541#sthash.RoQgCdqw.dpuf
My heart rouses
thinking to bring you news
of something
that concerns you
and concerns many men. Look at
what passes for the new.
You will not find it there but in
despised poems.
It is difficult
to get the news from poems
yet men die miserably every day
for lack
of what is found there. - See more at: http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/15541#sthash.RoQgCdqw.dpuf
8 comments:
Thanks for the though-provoking post.
I am reminded of the WCW lines (had to look them up to properly quote):
It is difficult
to get the news from poems
yet men die miserably every day
for lack
of what is found there.
Poetry needs a healthy mix of different voices and attitudes. It is however never clear that the poetry one is sampling is a representative mix of all the poetry out there.
When it is too directly and overtly political, it may serve only to (nod to Eliot) distract us from distraction to distraction.
If we aren't careful, we may need solutions to our solutions, and re-repairs to our fixes' consequences.
Love this. And the comments made so far. Wondering if we could have a lot more conversations like this.
Anonymous,
I'm glad this worked for you. I'll try to post some more things that generate discussion in the very near future.
An interesting discussion.
I'd venture to say that, with the 24-hour news cycle, internet feed, social media, morning news, etc., there is no need for poets to be town criers; we're blasted with news.
Likewise for rabble-rousing: we have talk radio, Fox news, and the editorial page of your local paper for that. Not to mention more internet newsgroups than I can mention. As far as I can tell, the main purpose of Facebook and twitter is to generate outrage (passing around pictures of cats comes in second-- a distant second.) I'm saturated with outrage; I don't need my rabble roused.
I will argue that perhaps we need poetry more to do exactly the opposite: to serve as a calm place for reflection, away from the hustle of 24-hour news and manufactured outrage.
That may be the sense in which you put forth your third proposed purpose of poetry, if I focus here on your description of a poet-shaman bringing "messages of healing or prosperity." Meditation has always been one of the tools of the shaman, and poetry can be a medium for meditation, or at least contemplation, or rumination.
"so where are the poems of healing?" you ask, but I don't think they are hard to find, if you choose to look. But perhaps poems of healing and poems of meditation-- that is, explicitly spiritual poems-- don't have the modern cachet of more cynical and more concrete poems; at worst they are dismissed as greeting-card sentimentality, and are pushed off in a niche that's not easily visible from the literary mainstream.
--And, we still have cute cats on the internetz. That works as shamanism for me.
Geoffrey A. Landis writes:
"'so where are the poems of healing?' you ask, but I don't think they are hard to find, if you choose to look. But perhaps poems of healing and poems of meditation-- that is, explicitly spiritual poems-- don't have the modern cachet of more cynical and more concrete poems; at worst they are dismissed as greeting-card sentimentality, and are pushed off in a niche that's not easily visible from the literary mainstream."
My follow up question, of course, is to know what you find to be healing in poetry, and to know where you find such poems. I agree, poems that I'm calling for are not hard to find, but I'm curious to know where individuals find these sorts of poets. So, if we're focusing on poet as shaman, healing with their verse, what poets or collections of poetry do you find to be healing and meditative? And how are you able to determine if they're meditating to heal, or meditating simply to meditate and ruminate?
Well, Batya Weinbaum's reading at Deep Cleveland last night might be well categorized as being "poet as shaman", although I think perhaps she fits better in your "poet as priestess" category.
-- I see that Rattle has a theme "Poets of Faith" for their fall issue; it will be interesting to see what they come up with.
--I have to say I liked the extemporaneous you did at the Deep Cleveland reading, by the way. You should write that down!
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